{
 "id": "ALTACambridge/BLiSS",
 "owner": "ALTACambridge",
 "name": "BLiSS",
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 "last_modified": "2025-11-29T12:36:45.000Z",
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 "citation": "@inproceedings{gao-etal-2025-bliss,\n    title = \"{BL}i{SS}: Evaluating Bilingual Learner Competence in Second Language Small Language Models\",\n    author = \"Gao, Yuan  and\n      Salhan, Suchir  and\n      Caines, Andrew  and\n      Buttery, Paula  and\n      Sun, Weiwei\",\n    editor = \"Charpentier, Lucas  and\n      Choshen, Leshem  and\n      Cotterell, Ryan  and\n      Gul, Mustafa Omer  and\n      Hu, Michael Y.  and\n      Liu, Jing  and\n      Jumelet, Jaap  and\n      Linzen, Tal  and\n      Mueller, Aaron  and\n      Ross, Candace  and\n      Shah, Raj Sanjay  and\n      Warstadt, Alex  and\n      Wilcox, Ethan Gotlieb  and\n      Williams, Adina\",\n    booktitle = \"Proceedings of the First BabyLM Workshop\",\n    month = nov,\n    year = \"2025\",\n    address = \"Suzhou, China\",\n    publisher = \"Association for Computational Linguistics\",\n    url = \"https://aclanthology.org/2025.babylm-main.13/\",\n    doi = \"10.18653/v1/2025.babylm-main.13\",\n    pages = \"160--174\",\n    ISBN = \"TODO\",\n    abstract = \"Cross-lingual extensions of the BabyLM Shared Task beyond English incentivise the development of Small Language Models that simulate a much wider range of language acquisition scenarios, including code-switching, simultaneous and successive bilingualism and second language acquisition. However, to our knowledge, there is no benchmark of the formal competence of cognitively-inspired models of L2 acquisition, or \\textbf{L2LMs}. To address this, we introduce a \\textbf{Benchmark of Learner Interlingu",
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